Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy is a promising treatment for many disorders, including blood cell diseases, immunodeficiencies, and genetic disorders. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) isolated from bone marrow can be modified ex vivo and transferred to the recipient to produce functional, terminally differentiated cells. Specific cellular targets and the relevant diseases and genes for gene therapy include HSCs: Fanconi Anaemia (FANC A–F).